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	<title>Indranet &#187; neurophysiology</title>
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		<title>Close, Closer, Closest to the Screen</title>
		<link>http://www.indranet.org/close-closer-closest-to-the-screen/</link>
		<comments>http://www.indranet.org/close-closer-closest-to-the-screen/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Dec 2009 04:41:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ivo Quartiroli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mind]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[information overload]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neurofisiologia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neurophysiology]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.indranet.org/?p=360</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Everybody can remember when, as a child, our parents told us not to get too close to the TV. That was “close.” Then the personal computer came and we got closer. Even closer with laptops. Then we went closest with smartphones. The information which appears on a screen almost compels us in following it with [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/The Eye of Time.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-full" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px;" title="The Eye of Time.jpg" src="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/The Eye of Time.jpg" alt="" width="268" height="192" /></a>Everybody can remember when, as a child, our parents told us not to get too close to the TV. That was “close.” Then the personal computer came and we got closer. Even closer with laptops. Then we went closest with smartphones.</p>
<p>The information which appears on a screen almost compels us in following it with our eyes. Giving attention to visual novelties activates the ancient neurophysiological system which rewards us with a pleasurable dopamine release. In ancient times, paying attention to a visual stimulus gave more chances for survival, so it was rewarded in pleasurable ways. Since any visual novelty was potentially a predator or a prey, our neurophysiological system developed reward systems to give us more chances of survival.</p>
<p>One of the causes of the Internet, videogames and in general addiction to electronic gadgets, could be this need to follow the many external visual stimuli. What happens on the screen brings our attention to what’s going on, thus activating our reward system based on dopamine.</p>
<p>Even though we look at many inputs in fast sequence, our field of vision and the movements of the eyes are very limited, and in many cases we end up staring blankly at the screen. Many years ago, an artist friend of mine, knowing I was spending much time on a computer, gave me a small painting depicting a landscape where the eye could relax in an unfocused way. Very kind and useful, but I didn’t really use it since the pressures of the external inputs were stronger.</p>
<p>This act of staring brings both a limited eye movement and the slowing down of the frequency of blinking. When we spend many hours every day staring at a screen, something is probably going to change on a neurophysiological level.</p>
<p>We know that moving the eyes in different directions can improve memory and the communications between the brain hemispheres. The article of the <em><a href="http://bps-research-digest.blogspot.com/2007/03/improve-your-memory-wiggle-your-eyes.html" target="_blank">British Psychological Society</a> </em>says:</p>
<blockquote><p>One hundred and two participants listened to 150 words, organized into 10 themes (e.g. types of vehicle), read by a male voice. Next, 34 of these participants moved their eyes left and right in time with a horizontal target for 30 seconds (saccadic eye movements); 34 participants moved their eyes up and down in time with a vertical target; the remaining participants stared straight ahead, focussed on a stationary target.<br />
After the eye movements, all the participants listened to a mixture of words: 40 they’d heard before, 40 completely unrelated new words, and 10 words that were new but which matched one of the original themes. In each case the participants had to say which words they’d heard before, and which were new.<br />
The participants who’d performed sideways eye movements performed better in all respects than the others: they correctly recognised more of the old words as old, and more of the new words as new. Crucially, they were fooled less often by the new words whose meaning matched one of the original themes – that is they correctly recognised more of them as new. This is important because mistakenly identifying one of these ‘lures’ as an old word is taken as a laboratory measure of false memory.</p></blockquote>
<p>Eye movements improve creativity as well as the resolution of problems. <a href="http://scienceblogs.com/omnibrain/2007/09/how_moving_your_eyes_can_help.php" target="_blank"><em>Science Blogs </em></a>describe eye-tracking research by Grant and Spivey (2003). They showed that people solved a medical problem spontaneously without any hints when they looked at a picture depicting a human body through moving the eyes in and out of the pictured body. This is called “embodied cognition,” meaning that some parts of the body reflect an internal mental process externally.</p>
<p>There are also hypotheses which say that the communication between the cerebral hemispheres is improved by moving the eyes in different directions and that could be a support to psychological therapy.<br />
So we know that rotating the eyes leads to an improvement of memory, an increase of creativity, and a greater exchange of information between the brain hemispheres. Information overload, little movement of the eyes, and decreased creative and memory capacities join in mutual feedback. In this respect, I sometimes practice a light neurophysiological exercise by rotating the ocular globes in each direction for several minutes.</p>
<p>I also noted that maintaining the gaze on a near object for a long period of time decreased my ability to see things in a wide perspective and to observe the correlation between information distant from each other. I tend to see details but less the broader perspective. I find it fundamental to take the gaze to a distance in moments of reflection, in a relaxed and unfocused mode. Everywhere I am I tend to stay on high floors with a wide view. Further, keeping the visual focus always at the same distance and at the same angle diminishes the blinking, symbolically bringing fixation of even a thought.</p>
<p>If this fixation is bad enough for adults, it can be even worse for children. There’s strong pressure in prematurely developing the intellectual aspects of children, but much research has demonstrated that children learn mainly through their bodies and how that will give them academic success later. So give your child an early exposure to computers and you’ll most probably make him dumber instead of more intelligent and creative.</p>
<p>Furthermore, close contact with a screen at an early age could even interfere with some neurophysiological development. Alliance for Childhood published <em>Fool’s Gold: A Critical Look at Computers in Childhood </em>(College Park, 2001). On page 22, they write:</p>
<blockquote><p>Infants and toddlers develop their visual-spatial awareness first through cross-movements in space, such as crawling, and then by gradually fine-tuning their hand-eye coordinations, until their eyes become adept not only at following their hands, but at leading their hands in finer and finer motions. Finally, after many integrated experiences of seeing, touching, and moving their hands and the rest of their bodies in three-dimensional space, young children develop an appreciation of visual forms as real objects, and the capacity to visualize objects without actually seeing them. Too much time spent in passively looking at two-dimensional representations of objects on a computer screen – or a television set – may interfere with this developing capacity.</p></blockquote>
<p>Then, at page 23:</p>
<blockquote><p>Grade school children need even more frequent breaks from close computer work than adults do. That’s because their muscular and nervous systems are still developing. It’s not until about the age of 11 or 12 that their capacity to balance and coordinate the movement and the focusing of both eyes together is fully mature.</p></blockquote>
<p>At that age most kids in Western countries were already familiar with screens for years through videogames, gadgets and computers. First, we give them screens to “enhance” their minds, then we give them Ritalin to “fix” them neurophysiologically.</p>
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		<title>Writer’s block</title>
		<link>http://www.indranet.org/writer%e2%80%99s-block/</link>
		<comments>http://www.indranet.org/writer%e2%80%99s-block/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jun 2008 11:09:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ivo Quartiroli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Mind]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Technosoul]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[almaas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[archetype]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[astrology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bloggers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[brain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[creativity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[eureka]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Joseph-Chilton-Pearce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laski]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neurophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spirituality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writers-block]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.indranet.org/?p=210</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[en] This is an expanded version of an older post. Many writers and probably many bloggers are faced with the typical writer’s block. While this block doesn’t affect many writers who operate in a productivity setting, it does afflict those who need the spark of creativity to express something bright and new. True creative expression [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/thinking-man-160.jpg"><img class="alignleft alignnone size-full wp-image-211" style="float: left; margin-left: 6px; margin-right: 6px;" title="thinking-man-160" src="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/thinking-man-160.jpg" alt="thinking-man" /></a>[en]</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">This is an expanded version of an older post. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Many writers and probably many bloggers are faced with the typical writer’s block. While this block doesn’t affect many writers who operate in a productivity setting, it does afflict those who need the spark of creativity to express something bright and new. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">True creative expression goes through cycles; the similarity between creativity and procreativity is not just linguistic. Both follow cycles and peaks like the female reproductive cycle. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">Parecchi scrittori e probabilmente diversi blogger affrontano il tipico blocco dello scrittore. Mentre questo blocco colpisce pochi scrittori che operano in un ambiente produttivo, tipicamente coinvolge invece coloro che necessitano di un lampo creativo per esprimere qualcosa di fresco e innovativo.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">L’autentica espressione creativa passa attraverso dei cicli; le somiglianze tra la creatività e la procreatività non sono solo linguistiche. Entrambe seguono cicli e vette come il ciclo riproduttivo femminile. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">In the astrological tradition, both the creative and sexual expressions are at home in the fifth house, telling us that symbolically the creative forces in the universe derive from the same archetype. People who have high libidos often have some kind of artistic or creative quality as well. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The Latin word <em>oestrus </em>was used to mean “frenzy, driven by desire, mad impulse.” There’s a compulsive quality in this, a drive to act, just as compulsive as sex can be, being the most (pro)creative energy in the world. </span></p>
<p>[/en][it]</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">
<p class="MsoNormal">Questa è una versione espansa di un post che avevo pubblicato in precedenza.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Parecchi scrittori e probabilmente diversi blogger affrontano il tipico blocco dello scrittore. Mentre questo blocco colpisce pochi scrittori che operano in un ambiente produttivo, tipicamente coinvolge invece coloro che necessitano di un lampo creativo per esprimere qualcosa di fresco e innovativo.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">L’autentica espressione creativa passa attraverso dei cicli; le somiglianze tra la creatività e la procreatività non sono solo linguistiche. Entrambe seguono cicli e vette come il ciclo riproduttivo femminile.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Nella tradizione astrologica, entrambe le espressioni creative e sessuali si trovano nella quinta casa. La simbologia ci suggerisce che le forze creative dell’universo derivano dallo stesso archetipo. Le persone con una forte libido spesso possiedono anche delle capacità creative o artistiche.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">In the astrological tradition, both the creative and sexual expressions are at home in the fifth house, telling us that symbolically the creative forces in the universe derive from the same archetype. People who have high libidos often have some kind of artistic or creative quality as well.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">The latin word oestrus was used to mean frenzy, driven by desire, mad impulse. There’s a compulsive quality in this, a drive to act, just as compulsive as sex can be, being the most (pro)creative energy in the world.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">The process of creative revelation and the eureka effect has been documented by neurophysiological researches. Joseph Chilton Pearce in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">The Biology of Transcendence</a> (Inner Traditions International. Rochester. 2002), referring to Margharita Laski’s work on <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0874775744/innernet-20" target="_blank">Ecstasy</a>, illustrates the six stages of the discovery process: 1. Asking the question. 2. Looking for the answer. 3. Hitting the plateau period. 4. Giving up the search for a solution. 5. The answer comes as the eureka effect. 6. Translating the discovery in a way that can be understood and shared by others.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">This six stage process involves different parts of the brain. Both brain hemispheres are involved, as well as the emotional-limbic brain, which is itself the connection to the heart. Without the passion of the heart, the creative discovery seems difficult to reach. It reminds me of a <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/093671302X/innernet-20" target="_blank">book by Almaas</a> saying that “Love of truth for its own sake is actually the expression of essential heart.”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none;">What is usually not accepted in our hyper-productive culture that fears silence and the void is that fourth stage of giving up the search for a solution. Even though everybody has the experience of finding a solution or an insight when the mind wasn’t actively searching for it, the general attitude is to push for a solution, not accepting that empty stage. Quoting <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">Joseph Chilton Pearce</a>, “The corpus callosum can complete the circuitry only when the left hemisphere is inactive, when the analytical and critical processes of mind are suspended.” Without knowing anything about neurophysiology, most of the spiritual teachers say that there is a stage of giving up the search and that the condition of not-knowing is necessary for any true insight on ourselves. So the eureka effect path seems to apply both to personal insights and to scientific or artistic works. Given this vision, the writer’s block is not just natural, is even needed for every important creative outcome.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">La parola latina oestrus veniva usata per significare frenesia, essere guidati dal desiderio, impulso folle. C’è una qualità compulsiva in ciò, una spinta all’azione, quanto può essere compulsiva la sessualità, come l’energia più fortemente (pro)creativa.</p>
<p>[/it]</p>
<p><span id="more-210"></span>[en]</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The process of creative revelation and the eureka effect have been documented by neurophysiological research. Joseph Chilton Pearce in </span><em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US">The Biology of Transcendence</span></a></em><span lang="EN-US"> (Rochester: Inner Traditions, 2002), referring to Margharita Laski’s work on </span><em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0874775744/innernet-20" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US">Ecstasy</span></a></em><span lang="EN-US">, illustrates the six stages of the discovery process: (1) Asking the question; (2) Looking for the answer; (3) Hitting the plateau period; (4) Giving up the search for a solution; (5) The answer comes as the eureka effect; and (6) Translating the discovery in a way that can be understood and shared by others. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">This six-stage process involves different parts of the brain. Both brain hemispheres are involved, as well as the emotional-limbic brain, which is itself the connection to the heart. Without the passion of the heart, the creative discovery seems difficult to achieve. It reminds me of a </span><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/093671302X/innernet-20" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US">book by Almaas</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> saying, “Love of truth for its own sake is actually the expression of essential heart.” </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">What is usually not accepted in our hyper-productive culture that fears silence and the void is the fourth stage of giving up the search for a solution. Even though everybody has the experience of finding a solution or an insight when the mind wasn’t actively searching for it, the general attitude is to push for a solution, not accepting that empty stage. Quoting </span><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US">Joseph Chilton Pearce</span></a><span lang="EN-US">, “The corpus callosum can complete the circuitry only when the left hemisphere is inactive, when the analytical and critical processes of mind are suspended.” </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The eureka effect has been documented by Tufts University researchers, coordinated by Sal Soraci, using an electroencephalograph which registered the moment when the fog surrounding a problem melts and shows the passage toward insight. Researchers presented sentences to subjects that at first glance made no sense. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Subjects became mute and a bit confused. After a few seconds the researchers gave them a cue, as for instance, “The girl spilled her popcorn because the lock broke” and then the cue “lion cage” which activated the eureka effect. About 400 milliseconds after the key word is read, revealing the meaning of the sentence, electrodes on the scalp pick up a pulse, called an N400. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">In another experiment, Soraci showed subjects a blurred object and, while slowly bringing it into focus, the brain was attempting to interpret the image (for instance, “Is that a doughnut? A wheel?” until, instead, a watch emerged in the picture). The researcher said that the wrong assumptions could create the base for a better memory and learning process and that this discovery could bring about a different method of teaching in schools. His hypothesis is that the more the brain attempts to figure out a concept, the better it remembers it. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">If this is the case, then the immediate answers we look for in Google actually are going to inhibit the search, removing us prematurely from the search field, from the connection, even spiritual, with the universal source of knowledge. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Without knowing anything about neurophysiology, most spiritual teachers say that there is a stage of giving up the search and that the condition of not-knowing is necessary for any true insight on ourselves. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Going through a state of an empty mind is typically recommended by Zen but, with less emphasis on it, every deep path of self-knowledge requires the acceptance that the mind in certain stages doesn’t have anything to say and doesn’t even know what to say. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The path of the eureka effect can be applied both to personal insights and to scientific or artistic work. Given this vision, writer’s block is not just natural, it is even needed for every important creative outcome. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The state of mental rest is being denied by the many media present in our life, especially when we are connected to the Net, so we have to do an act of will to find moments where we are disconnected from any network (TV, radio, SMS, phone, the Internet). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">In body building it is known that to get optimal results it is necessary to alternate between activity and rest. The growth of muscles takes place during the night when they are in their most relaxed state. To exercise excessively brings the opposite results. Body building science is now very accurate regarding training paces and results. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">It is surprising that on the mental level there are few studies regarding the physiology and psychology of knowledge given that most people are spending much more time on information rather than in the gym. And it is indeed surprising that people who are active in the learning and knowledge areas don’t know when a stop is needed and how to apply their resources to their best. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The mind tends to enter a hyperactive state, greedy of novelties due to its own nature and to keep an ego identity. </span></p>
<p>Our soul feels at ease even in emptiness &#8211; but this is a threat for the ego. </span></p>
<p>[/en][it]</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Il processo della rivelazione creativa e l’effetto eureka sono stati documentati dalle ricerche neurofisiologiche. <span lang="EN-US">Joseph Chilton Pearce in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">The Biology of Transcendence</a> (Inner Traditions International. </span>Rochester. 2002), riferendosi al lavoro di Margharita Laski dal titolo <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0874775744/innernet-20" target="_blank">Ecstasy</a>, illustra le sei fasi del processo di scoperta: 1. Formulare la domanda. 2. Cercare una risposta. 3. Raggiungere la fase di altopiano 4. Rinunciare alla ricerca di una soluzione. 5. La risposta arriva nella forma dell’effetto eureka. 6. Tradurre la scoperta in un modo che può essere compreso e condiviso dagli altri.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Questo processo in sei fasi coinvolge diverse parti del cervello. Sono coinvolti entrambi gli emisferi del cervello, così come il cervello limbico-emozionale, che rappresenta la connessione col cuore. Senza la passione del cuore, la scoperta creativa semba difficile da raggiungere. Mi ricorda la frase di un <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/093671302X/innernet-20" target="_blank">libro di Almaas</a> dove dice “L’amore della verità fine a se stessa è in realtà l’espressione dell’essenza del cuore”.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Ciò che solitamente non viene accettato nella nostra cultura iperproduttiva che teme il silenzio e il vuoto è la quarta fase, quella della rinuncia alla ricerca di una soluzione. Nonostante tutti quanti abbiamo avuto l’esperienza del trovare una soluzione o del raggiungere una comprensione intuitiva quando la mente non era attiva nella ricerca, l’atteggiamento generale è quello di spingere per una soluzione, senza accettare la fase del vuoto. Citando <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">Joseph Chilton Pearce</a>, “Il corpo calloso può chiudere il circuito solo quando l’emisfero sinistro non è attivo, quando i processi analitici e critici della mente vengono sospesi”.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">L’effetto Eureka è stato documentato dai ricercatori della Tufts University, coordinati da Sal Soraci, usando un elettroencefalografo che ha registrato il momento in cui si scioglievano le nebbie che avvolgevano un problema e avveniva il passaggio verso la comprensione. I ricercatori hanno presentato ai soggetti delle frasi che a prima vista non avevano senso.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I soggetti rimanevano senza parole e un po’ confusi. Dopo alcuni secondi i ricercatori pronunciavano una parola che svelava il significato della frase. Ad esempio “la ragazza ha rovesciato i pop-corn perché la serratura si è rotta”, quindi viene dato un indizio: “la gabbia del leone”, che innesca l’effetto Eureka. Dopo circa 400 millisecondi che la parola era stata pronunciata, gli elettrodi leggevano un impulso chiamato N400.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In un altro esperimento Soraci ha mostrato degli oggetti sfuocati e, man mano che li metteva a fuoco il cervello cercava di interpretare l’immagine (ad esempio, “è una ciambella? una ruota?” finché non emergeva un orologio). Il ricercatore afferma che le supposizioni sbagliate potrebbero essere la base per una memoria e un apprendimento migliore e che questa scoperta potrebbe portare ad un modo diverso di insegnare nelle scuole. La sua ipotesi è che più il cervello prova ad afferrare il concetto, meglio questo sarà ricordato.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Se questo è il caso, allora le risposte immediate che cerchiamo con Google in realtà inibiscono la ricerca, ci tolgono prematuramente dal campo della ricerca, dalla connessione, anche spirituale, con la fonte universale delle conoscenze.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Senza aver alcuna nozione di neurofisiologia, la maggior parte dei mistici e degli insegnanti spirituali hanno affermato che vi è una fase in cui bisogna lasciare la ricerca e che la condizione del non-sapere è necessaria per una autentica comprensione di noi stessi.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Attraversare uno stato di mente vuota viene raccomandato tipicamente nello Zen ma, con minore enfasi, ogni percorso profondo di autoconoscenza presuppone di accettare che la mente in certe fasi non abbia niente da dire e non sappia neppure cosa dire.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Il percorso che porta all’effetto eureka pare si può applicare sia alle comprensioni interiori che ai settori scientifici e artistici. Sulla base di questa visione, il blocco dello scrittore non è solo naturale, è addirittura necessario per ogni sviluppo creativo importante.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lo stato di pace mentale viene negato dai numerosi media presenti nella nostra vita, in particolare quando siamo connessi alla Rete, dovendo intraprendere un atto di volontà per trovare dei momenti in cui siamo disconnessi da qualsiasi rete (televisione, radio, SMS, telefono, Internet).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Nel body building si sa che per ottenere dei risultati ottimali è necessario alternare attività e riposo. La crescita dei muscoli avviene durante la notte quando questi si trovano nella loro condizione più rilassata. Esercitarsi eccessivamente porta a risultati opposti. La scienza del body building è oramai molto accurata per quanto riguarda regimi di allenamento e risultati.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">E’ sorprendente che a livello mentale vi siano pochissimi studi concernenti la fisiologia e psicologia della conoscenza, quando la maggior parte delle persone passano molto più tempo nel mondo delle informazioni che in palestra. E’ pure sorprendente che le persone attive nei settori dello studio e della conoscenza, non sappiano quando fermarsi e come applicare le proprie risorse al meglio.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">La mente tende ad entrare in uno stato iperattivo, per sua stessa natura famelica di novità, e per mantenere un ego e una identità.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Il nostro spirito si trova a nostro agio anche nel vuoto, ma questo è una minaccia per l’ego.</p>
<p>[/it]</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://www.indranet.org/writer%e2%80%99s-block/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
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		<title>Mechanisms, mysticism and Amazon Mechanical Turk</title>
		<link>http://www.indranet.org/mechanisms-mysticism-and-amazon-mechanical-turk/</link>
		<comments>http://www.indranet.org/mechanisms-mysticism-and-amazon-mechanical-turk/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Sep 2007 12:34:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ivo Quartiroli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mind]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spirituality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Technosoul]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Amazon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Captcha]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cognitive-science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ego]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[enlightenment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gurdjieff]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[illuminazione]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Krishnamurti]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Luis-von-Ahn]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[McLuhan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mechanical-Turk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mente]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[misticismo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mysticism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neurofisiologia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neurophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nichilismo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nihilism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nisargadatta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[osho]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[psicologia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[psychology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scienze-cognitive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spiritualità]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[superego]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transpersonal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transpersonale]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UG]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Upanisad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wired]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Human beings have always felt the need to give themselves to something bigger than their individualities: to art, to love, to a cause, to truth, to a guru, to God. When we devote ourselves to something bigger, we transcend ourselves, we go beyond our little narcissistic ego who would always like to be the center of attention. Dedication annihilates a part of ourselves and at the same time it lifts us up to another state of being.
We give ourselves, we trust and we nullify ourselves into technology. We are religiously devoted to the objects of technology, which absorb most of the time of an increasing number of people. As McLuhan wrote, “By continuously embracing technologies, we relate ourselves to them as servomechanisms.”]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/bureaucrat-and-sewing-machine.jpg" title="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a xhref=&quot;http://www.indranet.org/?attachment_id=66&quot;&gt;Bureaucrat and Sewing Machine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;"><img src="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/bureaucrat-and-sewing-machine.jpg" border="0" alt="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a xhref=&quot;http://www.indranet.org/?attachment_id=66&quot;&gt;Bureaucrat and Sewing Machine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;" title="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a xhref=&quot;http://www.indranet.org/?attachment_id=66&quot;&gt;Bureaucrat and Sewing Machine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;" hspace="12" width="110" align="left" /></a></p>
<p>[en]</p>
<p><em>Human beings have always felt the need to give themselves to something bigger than their individualities: to art, to love, to a cause, to truth, to a guru, to God. When we devote ourselves to something bigger, we transcend ourselves, we go beyond our little narcissistic ego who would always like to be the center of attention. Dedication annihilates a part of ourselves and at the same time it lifts us up to another state of being.</em></p>
<p><em>We give ourselves, we trust and we nullify ourselves into technology. We are religiously devoted to the objects of technology, which absorb most of the time of an increasing number of people. As McLuhan wrote, &ldquo;By continuously embracing technologies, we relate ourselves to them as servomechanisms.&rdquo;</em></p>
<p>[/en][it]</p>
<p><em>Gli essere umani hanno sempre sentito il bisogno di darsi a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; grande della propria individualit&agrave;: all&#39;arte, a un amore, ad una causa, alla verit&agrave;, a un guru, a Dio. Quando ci dedichiamo a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; grande trascendiamo noi stessi, oltrepassiamo il nostro piccolo ego narcisista che vorrebbe sempre stare al centro delle attenzioni. La dedizione ci annienta da una parte e allo stesso tempo ci eleva da un&#39;altra.</em></p>
<p><em>Ci diamo, ci affidiamo e ci annulliamo nella tecnologia. Siamo religiosamente devoti agli oggetti della tecnologia, che assorbe la maggior parte del tempo di un numero crescente di persone. Come scrisse McLuhan, &ldquo;Ricevendo continuamente tecnologie ci poniamo nei loro confronti come altrettanti servomeccanismi.&rdquo;</em></p>
<p>[/it]</p>
<p><span id="more-62"></span>[en]</p>
<p>Human beings have always felt the need to give themselves to something bigger than their individualities: to art, to love, to a cause, to truth, to a guru, to God. When we devote ourselves to something bigger, we transcend ourselves, we go beyond our little narcissistic ego who would always like to be the center of attention. Dedication annihilates a part of ourselves and at the same time it lifts us up to another state of being.</p>
<p>The need to devote ourselves to something that goes beyond our little selves is inborn in every human heart and is experienced at different levels according to individual development. It could range from being mad about a football team to yearn for union with the divine. The need to abandon our limited individual personality to join with something bigger is a spiritual evolutionary need that can also be expressed at a more conventional level. Spiritual awakening or enlightenment happens when the ego, with all its mechanisms and mental believes, empties itself and leaves space for the infinite, abandoning every structured mind-set built up during a person&rsquo;s lifetime.</p>
<blockquote><p>You will be peaceful when all your ideas about awareness are dropped and you begin to function like a computer. You must be a machine, function automatically in this world, never questioning your actions before, or after they occur.&nbsp; U.G. Krishnamurti. <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/8187967102/innernet-20" target="_blank"><em>Mind is a Myth</em></a>. Dinesh Publications. Goa. 1988</p>
</blockquote>
<p>U.G. is a spiritual non-teacher who plays at provoking people. His statement, which at first can sound like he is encouraging us to become moronic, hides in fact another message. Spiritual awakening occurs when we abandon every idea, every point of view, every judgment and every previous conditioning, when our mind works according to reality as it is in the moment and not as a reaction based on mechanisms acquired in the past. When our mind works mechanically, without privileged thinking structures, without judgment, in a natural way, this working modality does not carry further implication with it and it does not feed more thoughts, leaving the mind void of additional weight and structures.</p>
<p>Every spiritual master, including Gurdjieff who is one of the most renowned in the western world, says that a not yet awakened person too works in a mechanical way. However, if the mechanism of the not-awakened person is a relentless and mostly unconscious interpretation of reality based on previous conditionings, the mechanical being of the awakened one is a simple action based on reality as it appears in the moment without any burden coming from the past.</p>
<p>Cognitive science itself and neurophysiology are now wondering whether an individual personality we can control and act upon actually exists. Their doubt comes from observing the automatic brain reactions that have no aware intention behind them. In other words even science is getting closer to saying that we are deluding ourselves in thinking that we have power over our actions and that we own an &ldquo;I&rdquo; that determines them. But we will see how this statement takes on a very different meaning in similar statements made by spiritual masters.</p>
<p>Nisargadatta Maharaj describes his enlightened state where body and mind are guided by existence itself and no longer from an illusory will or personality:</p>
<blockquote><p>I appear to hear and see and talk and act, but to me it just happens, as to you digestion or perspiration happens. The body-mind machine looks after it, but leaves me out of it. Just as you do not need to worry about growing hair, so I need not worry about words and actions. They just happen and leave me unconcerned, for in my world nothing ever goes wrong. Nisargadatta Maharaj. <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0893860220/innernet-20" target="_blank"><em>I Am That</em></a>. Acorn Press. Durham. 1982.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Nisargadatta Maharaj puts the hair growth action, which happens without our intervention, on the same plane as his actions and words. But the perspective that our mind and our actions work in a mechanical way without us giving them a direction is, to say the least, terrifying for our society which identifies the highest qualities a human being has with the mind and the products the mind gives life to. Eastern spiritual traditions (and some western ones too) do not share such fears as they recognize the highest soul potential beyond the mind. Our mind, the source of our pride, is at the same time a burden for the soul, even if we don&rsquo;t develop psychopathologies. The mind judges us, limits us, leads us into repetitive behaviors which bring us unhappiness and often plays dirty tricks on us. It often seems that we cannot control our mind, that it is a hostile and foreign entity to us, it is not &ldquo;us&rdquo;. And in some way it is like that.</p>
<p>Osho, commenting on the Ishavasya Upanisad, the old Indian scriptures in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1852304766/innernet-20" target="_blank"><em>The Heartbeat of the Absolute</em></a> states that science, in its progress, shows us how human beings behave in a mechanical way and how all this progress destroys man&rsquo;s pride and ego and even if these factors are insignificant and petty, &ldquo;when science destroys them, a deep darkness crops up all around, and no sun rises in their place&rdquo;. On the contrary the Ishavasya Upanisad on one hand:</p>
<blockquote><p>It extinguished your dimly burning light and snatches away your petty ego, saying, &quot;Be extinguished! You are not, and your fear is unnecessary!&quot; and on the other hand it gives birth to a super-sun. In one moment, from one side it says, &quot;You are not,&quot; and immediately, from the other side, it establishes you in the position of God. From one side it snatches you away and wipes you out completely, and from the other side it bestows upon you the whole. It extinguishes the earthen lamp of ego, the dimly shining flame of smelly, smoky kerosene oil, but it gives you instead the bright, shining light of the sun. It wipes out I, the ego, but establishes us in the highest I &#8211; God! This is the difference between the dimension of religion and of science. Science affirms those same facts which religion affirms, but the emphasis of science is on the machine. Religion, discussing the same things, puts its emphasis on consciousness, on wisdom, on the living; and this emphasis is important. If Western science succeeds, man will finally become a machine; and if the religion in the East succeeds, man will finally become God. Both demolish ego, but science degrades man in the process. Osho. <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1852304766/innernet-20" target="_blank"><em>The Heartbeat of the Absolute</em></a>. Rebel Publishing House. Cologne. 1980</p>
</blockquote>
<p>If western science cannot conceive anything beyond the ego and the mind, not even in human science such as psychology (with the exception of transpersonal psychology), then abandoning our mind&rsquo;s contents is equivalent to a total defeat. Thus, in the west, nihilism is always at the door. But as spirituality is concerned things run in a different way. The abandonment of the ego is equivalent to the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into a butterfly.</p>
<p>Abandoning the ego is inborn within the ego itself exactly like the butterfly is inborn within the caterpillar. As the caterpillar loses all its points of reference during metamorphosis, so the mind must give itself up to something bigger in complete trust.</p>
<p>As a society, we refuse to follow masters, guru and authorities and the way of devotion is not at all fashionable these days. We want to determine our lives and control their development without having to be guided by anything or anybody. I would not want to be misunderstood: the principles of individual freedom and self-determination present in our society have been an important social and historical achievement. Being able to determine our lives on an individual level represents an important step in evolution if compared to the devotion we used to pay to a medieval lord or to organized religions, to some dictator or an ideology even if to this day these powers have not yet completely disappeared. These and similar powers have manipulated human beings&rsquo; inner need to rely upon something bigger and redirected it towards them. But even in our achievement of individuality, the need to transcend our ego and to be devoted to something bigger remains, and if this need does not find its expression with spiritual search, it will express itself however it is possible, according to whatever the times offer.</p>
<p>Thinking about how this need expresses itself on a different level than that of inner search, the words of McLuhan came back to mind:</p>
<blockquote><p>By continuously embracing technologies, we relate ourselves to them as servomechanisms. That is why we must, to use them at all, serve these objects, these extensions of ourselves, as gods or minor religions. An Indian is the servo-mechanism of his canoe, as the cowboy of his horse or the executive of his clock. Physiologically, man in the normal use of technology (or his variously extended body) is perpetually modified by it and in turn finds ever new ways of modifying his technology. Man becomes, as it were, the sex organs of the machine world, as the bee of the plant world, enabling it to fecundate and to evolve ever new forms. Marshall McLuhan. <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0262631598/innernet-20" target="_blank"><em>Understanding Media</em></a>. MIT Press. Cambridge. 1994. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>We give ourselves, we trust and we nullify ourselves into technology. We are religiously devoted to the objects of technology, which absorb most of the time of an increasing number of people. The hours we spend driving a car, the ones spent in front of a computer or fiddling with our mobile phone or a PDA or a digital camera can add up to most of our waking hours. There is almost no way we can live without technology, at least in a western urban situation. Sometimes technological gadgets can become real objects of devotion.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/browse.html?node=15879911" target="_blank">Amazon Mechanical Turk </a>service can&rsquo;t but remind me of a servomechanism:Developers can leverage this service to build human intelligence directly into their applications. While computing technology continues to improve, there are still many things that human beings can do much more effectively than computers, such as identifying objects in a photo or video, performing data de-duplication, transcribing audio recordings or researching data details.</p>
<p>In the <a href="http://www.wired.com/techbiz/it/magazine/15-07/ff_humancomp" target="_blank">July 2007</a> edition, Wired introduces Luis von Ahn, the creator of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captcha" target="_blank">Captcha </a>system. Luis von Ahn devises games where human intellectual skills are used to solve problems the computer cannot solve, such as image recognition. He states: &quot;As humanity goes online, it&#39;s becoming an extremely advanced, large-scale processing unit.&quot;</p>
<p>Human history is full of connections between humans and technological instruments, and the use of tools as an extension of our possibilities has been a big step in human development, but what we are facing now is something different.</p>
<p>With Mechanical Turk and other similar projects, all human activities are at first converted into digital ones, even those requiring imagination, intuition and vision, which go beyond computers abilities. Then human brain resources are used to decode actions that the machine is incapable of performing well, in a kind of modern assembly line where, in place of physical and manual repetition we find the repetition of a banal brain activity, such as recognizing an image and classifying it or transcribing a spoken text.</p>
<p>As every human activity is being translated into a digital one, we need to supply the computer with the broader mind power of the human in order for the tool itself to widen its possibilities, no longer just to widen human capacities. It can be said that in the end it&rsquo;s humans who take advantage of that human-computer connection and it&rsquo;s still humans who decide what to process and elaborate. This is true in a way but there is a great tendency to digitalize even non computable things even if this requires a massive human intervention. In this regard humans are becoming more and more like servomechanisms of technology.</p>
<p>We expect guidance and grace from technology and also expect it to be the solution to all our problems. It has taken the place of gurus, passions, ideologies, in some cases even of connections of a loving nature. In our relationship with technology we let ourselves go, we allow it to guide us and we never doubt the importance of its development. We might get cross with the designers of bad technology but we never question the need of technological development itself.</p>
<p>However in relying so much on technology we never get to the stage of abandoning our ego to get in touch with deeper parts of ourselves. Also, on the one hand, by interacting with a technological tool as a privileged object relationship there is the attempt to build the ego itself and on the other hand, by letting tools that are less evolved that our mind lead us, we regress to a state preceding the consolidation of an ego that drives our life choices. Even if the direction given by the ego is an illusion based on previously received conditionings, the development of a defined personality is a necessary stage in the more general development of the soul.</p>
<p>Devotion to technology then becomes a shift of the need for transcendence onto a more reassuring plane for the ego. In this interaction with technology the mind is not transcended but enters into a self-supporting compulsive loop where just some parts of the mind are used, the ones that are needed for interacting with the tool. Therefore the mind capacities that can assist the observation and the transcendence of the same mind will be weakened, among them deep reflection, inward silence, concentrated and sustained attention, connection to the body.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>See also:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.indranet.org/the-heart-of-the-binary-code/">  </a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/biotech-as-an-information-system/">Biotech as an information system</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/virtual-worlds-mirror-worlds-second-life-backing-up-the-messed-planet/"><span>Virtual worlds, mirror worlds, Second Life: backing up the messed planet</span></a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/the-heart-of-the-binary-code/"> Zen archery and computers</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/the-heart-of-the-binary-code/">The heart of the binary code</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/the-heart-of-the-binary-code/"></a></span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/lifelogging/"><span>Lifelogging</span></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.indranet.org/lifelogging/"></a><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/google-privacy-and-the-need-to-be-seen/">Downloading our life on Internet</a></span></p>
<p><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/google-privacy-and-the-need-to-be-seen/">Google, privacy and the need to be seen</a></span><br /> [/en][it]</p>
<p>Gli essere umani hanno sempre sentito il bisogno di darsi a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; grande della propria individualit&agrave;: all&#39;arte, a un amore, ad una causa, alla verit&agrave;, a un guru, a Dio. Quando ci dedichiamo a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; grande trascendiamo noi stessi, oltrepassiamo il nostro piccolo ego narcisista che vorrebbe sempre stare al centro delle attenzioni. La dedizione ci annienta da una parte e allo stesso tempo ci eleva da un&#39;altra.</p>
<p>Il bisogno di dedicarsi a qualcosa che va oltre noi stessi &egrave; insito in ogni animo umano, e viene vissuto a diversi livelli a seconda dello sviluppo dell&#39;individuo, dal diventare fanatici di una squadra di calcio fino all&#39;incontro col divino. Il bisogno di abbandonare la nostra limitata personalit&agrave; individuale per unirsi a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; ampio &egrave; un bisogno evolutivo spirituale, che per&ograve; pu&ograve; esprimersi anche a livelli pi&ugrave; convenzionali. Il risveglio spirituale o illuminazione avviene quando l&#39;ego, con tutti i suoi meccanismi e convinzioni mentali, si svuota e lascia posto all&#39;infinito, abbandonando ogni struttura mentale costruita durante la vita.</p>
<blockquote><p>Ti troverai in pace solamente quando cadranno tutte le tue idee sulla consapevolezza ed inizierai a funzionare come un computer. Devi essere come una macchina, funzionare automaticamente in questo mondo, senza mai mettere in discussione le tua azioni prima o dopo che si sono presentate. U.G. Krishnamurti. Edizione Italiana: <a href="http://www.ntsc.com/aeq" target="_blank"><em>La mente &egrave; un mito</em></a>, Aequilibrium, Milano, 1990.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>U.G. &egrave; un non-insegnante spirituale che gioca con la provocazione. La sua affermazione, che a prima vista sembrerebbe un&#39;istigazione al rincoglionimento, nasconde un altro messaggio. Il risveglio spirituale avviene quando abbandoniamo ogni idea, ogni punto di vista, giudizio e condizionamento ricevuto, quando la nostra mente funziona in accordo alla realt&agrave; del momento e non come reazione basata sui meccanismi acquisiti nel passato. Quando la nostra mente opera meccanicamente, senza pi&ugrave; strutture di pensiero privilegiate, senza giudizi, in modo naturale, questa modalit&agrave; di funzionamento non implica altro e non alimenta ulteriori pensieri, lasciando la mente vuota da ulteriori pesi e strutture.</p>
<p>Anche l&#39;essere umano non risvegliato funziona in modo meccanico come viene affermato da tutti i maestri spirituali, tra i quali Gurdjieff &egrave; uno dei pi&ugrave; conosciuti in occidente. Ma se il meccanicismo del non risvegliato &egrave; un&#39;incessante e perlopi&ugrave; inconscia interpretazione della realt&agrave; sulla base dei condizionamenti ricevuti, l&#39;essere un meccanismo da parte del risvegliato &egrave; una semplice azione basata sulla realt&agrave; del momento senza i fardelli provenienti dal passato.</p>
<p>La scienza cognitiva stessa e la neurofisiologia stanno chiedendosi se esista una personalit&agrave; individuale che controlliamo e di cui siamo agenti consapevoli, osservando le reazioni automatiche del nostro cervello senza che vi sia intenzionalit&agrave; cosciente. In altre parole, anche la scienza sta avvicinandosi a dire che ci illudiamo di essere gli agenti delle nostre azioni e di possedere un Io ben definito che crede di determinarle. Ma come vedremo questa affermazione assume un senso molto diverso da affermazioni analoghe dei maestri spirituali.</p>
<p>Nisargadatta Maharaj descrive il suo stato di realizzato dove il corpo e la mente sono guidati dall&#39;esistenza stessa e non pi&ugrave; da una illusoria volont&agrave; o personalit&agrave;:</p>
<blockquote><p>Parrebbe che io ascolti, veda, parli ed agisca, ma per me succede solamente, come per te avviene la digestione o la traspirazione. La macchina del corpo-mente bada a ci&ograve;, ma non mi lascia coinvolto. Cos&igrave; come non necessiti di preoccuparti della crescita dei capelli, allo stesso modo io non necessito di preoccuparmi delle parole e delle azioni.&nbsp; Queste accadono semplicemente e mi lasciano noncurante, in quanto nel mio mondo non c&rsquo;&egrave; mai niente che vada storto. Nisargadatta Maharaj. <a href="http://www.internetbookshop.it/ser/serdsp.asp?shop=1924&amp;isbn=8834013638" target="_blank"><em>Io sono quello</em></a>. Astrolabio. 2001. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>Nisargadatta Maharaj mette sullo stesso piano l&#39;azione della crescita dei capelli che avviene senza il nostro intervento cosciente, con la sue azioni e le sue parole. Ma la prospettiva che la nostra mente e le nostre azioni funzionino in modo meccanico senza poter dare loro una direzione &egrave; a dir poco terrorizzante per la nostra civilt&agrave; che identifica le qualit&agrave; pi&ugrave; elevate dell&#39;essere umano con la mente e i prodotti da essa generati. Le tradizioni spirituali orientali (e in parte occidentali) non condividono tali timori, riconoscendo proprio al di l&agrave; delle mente le potenzialit&agrave; pi&ugrave; elevate dell&#39;anima. La nostra mente, fonte di orgoglio, &egrave; allo stesso tempo un peso per l&#39;anima, pur senza scendere nelle psicopatologie. La mente ci giudica, ci limita, ci conduce verso comportamenti ripetitivi che ci portano infelicit&agrave; e spesso ci gioca brutti scherzi. Spesso sembra che non controlliamo la nostra mente, che sia un&#39;entit&agrave; a noi ostile o sconosciuta, non &quot;noi&quot;. E in qualche modo &egrave; cos&igrave;.</p>
<p>Osho, commentando le Ishavasya Upanisad, le antiche scritture indiane ne Il battito dell&#39;assoluto afferma che la scienza nel suo progredire dimostra che l&#39;essere umano si comporta in modo meccanico e che questo progredire distrugge l&#39;orgoglio e l&#39;ego dell&#39;uomo e bench&egrave; questi siano molto insignificanti e miseri, &quot;quando la scienza li distrugge, intorno nasce una profonda oscurit&agrave;: nessun sole sorge al loro posto&quot;. Invece, la Ishavasya Upanisad da una parte:</p>
<blockquote><p>Essa estingue le vostra fioca e piccola luce e spazza via il vostro stupido ego, dicendo: &quot;Spegniti! Tu non esisti e la tua paura &egrave; inutile!&quot; dall&#39;altra fa nascere un supersole. Nello stesso momento, da un lato dice: &quot;Tu non esisti&quot;, e dall&#39;altro, immediatamente, ti pone nella posizione di Dio. Da un lato ti butta via e ti annulla completamente e dall&#39;altro ti colloca sopra ogni cosa. Spegne la piccola lampada terrena dell&#39;ego, la minuscola fiamma del puzzolente e fumoso petrolio, per offrirti al suo posto la luce radiosa del sole. Spazza via l&#39;&quot;io&quot;, l&#39;ego, ma ti porta a esistere nell&#39;&quot;io&quot; supremo; Dio! E&#39; questa la differenza fra la dimensione della religione e quella della scienza. La scienza afferma gli stessi fatti che la religione sostiene, ma ponendo l&#39;enfasi sulla meccanicit&agrave;. La religione, discutendo delle stesse cose, pone la propria enfasi sulla consapevolezza, sulla saggezza, sulla vita; e questa differenza &egrave; fondamentale. Se trionfer&agrave; la scienza occidentale, l&#39;uomo diventer&agrave; una macchina; se invece trionfer&agrave; la religione orientale, l&#39;uomo, alla fine, diventer&agrave; Dio. Entrambe demoliscono l&#39;ego, ma la scienza, in questo processo, degrada l&#39;uomo. Osho. <a href="http://www.internetbookshop.it/ser/serdsp.asp?shop=1924&amp;isbn=8875457131%20ECIG.%20Genova.%201992" target="_blank"><em>Il battito dell&#39;assoluto</em></a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Se la scienza occidentale non concepisce alcunch&egrave; al di l&agrave; dell&#39;ego e della mente, neppure nelle scienze umane quali la psicologia (con la piccola eccezione della psicologia transpersonale), allora l&#39;abbandono dei contenuti della nostra mente equivale ad una disfatta totale. Il nichilismo cos&igrave; &egrave; sempre alle porte in occidente. Ma per la spiritualit&agrave; le cose stanno in un altro modo. L&#39;abbandono dell&#39;ego &egrave; equivalente alla metamorfosi del bruco in farfalla.</p>
<p>Abbandonare il nostro ego &egrave; insito nell&#39;ego stesso proprio come la farfalla &egrave; insita nel bruco. Cos&igrave; come il bruco perde tutti i suoi riferimenti nella metamorfosi, la mente deve abbandonarsi in fiducia a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; grande.</p>
<p>Come civilt&agrave; ci rifiutiamo di seguire maestri, guru e autorit&agrave;, e la via della devozione non &egrave; per niente attuale. Vogliamo determinare le nostre vite e controllarne lo sviluppo, senza farci guidare da niente e da nessuno. Non vorrei essere frainteso: i principi di libert&agrave; individuale ed autodeterminazione della nostra civilt&agrave; sono stati un&#39;importante conquista sociale e storica. Poter determinate le nostre vite a livello individuale rappresenta un&rsquo;importante evoluzione rispetto alla dedizione al signore medioevale piuttosto che alle religioni organizzate, a qualche dittatore o ad una ideologia, bench&egrave; questi poteri tutt&#39;ora non sono del tutto scomparsi. Questi e analoghi poteri hanno manipolato il bisogno interiore di affidarsi a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; ampio ridirigendolo verso loro stessi. Ma pur nella conquistata individualit&agrave; il bisogno di trascendere il nostro ego e di essere devoti a qualcosa di pi&ugrave; ampio rimane, e se il bisogno non si esprime nella ricerca spirituale si esprime come pu&ograve;, compatibilmente con ci&ograve; che offrono i tempi.</p>
<p>Riflettendo su come si esprima questo bisogno a un livello diverso dalla ricerca interiore, mi sono tornate in mente le parole di McLuhan:</p>
<blockquote><p>Ricevendo continuamente tecnologie ci poniamo nei loro confronti come altrettanti servomeccanismi. E&#39; per questo che per poterle usare dobbiamo servire questi oggetti, queste estensioni di noi stessi, come fossero dei o religioni minori. Un indiano &egrave; il servomeccanismo della sua canoa, come un cowboy del suo cavallo o un dirigente del suo orologio. Sul piano fisiologico, l&#39;uomo &egrave; perpetuamente modificato dall&#39;uso normale della tecnologia (o del proprio corpo variamente esteso) e trova a sua volta modi sempre nuovi per modificarla. Diventa insomma, per cos&igrave; dire, l&#39;organo sessuale del mondo della macchina, come lo &egrave; l&#39;ape per il mondo vegetale; gli permette il processo fecondativo e l&#39;evoluzione di nuove forme.&nbsp; Marshall McLuhan. Marshall McLuhan. <a href="http://www.internetbookshop.it/ser/serdsp.asp?shop=1924&amp;isbn=8851520298" target="_blank"><em>Gli strumenti del comunicare</em></a>. NET. 2002</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Ci diamo, ci affidiamo e ci annulliamo nella tecnologia. <em>Siamo religiosamente devoti agli oggetti della tecnologia</em>, che assorbe la maggior parte del tempo di un numero crescente di persone. Tra le ore passate a guidare un&#39;automobile, quelle passate di fronte a un computer o smanettando un cellulare, un palmare o una fotocamera, arriviamo alla maggior parte delle ore di veglia. Non c&#39;&egrave; quasi modo di vivere senza tecnologie perlomeno in una situazione urbana occidentale. Talvolta i gadget tecnologico diventano veri e propri oggetti devozionali.</p>
<p>Il servizio <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/browse.html?node=15879911" target="_blank">Mechanical Turk</a> di Amazon non pu&ograve; fare a meno di ricordarmi un servomeccamismo:</p>
<p>Gli sviluppatori possono azionare questo servizio in modo da costruire intelligenza umana direttamente nelle loro applicazioni. Mentre la tecnologia dei computer continua a migliorare, vi sono tutt&rsquo;ora molte attivit&agrave; che gli esseri umani possono essere molto pi&ugrave; efficaci dei computer, come ad esempio l&rsquo;identificazione degli oggetti in una foto o in un video, riconoscere dati duplicati, trascrivere registrazioni audio o ricercare dettagli di dati.</p>
<p>Nell&#39;edizione di Luglio 2007 <a href="http://www.wired.com/techbiz/it/magazine/15-07/ff_humancomp" target="_blank">Wired </a>introduce Luis von Ahn, il creatore del sistema <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captcha" target="_blank">Captcha</a>. Luis von Ahn progetta giochi dove vengono utilizzate le capacit&agrave; dell&rsquo;intelletto umano per risolvere problemi che il computer non sa fare, come ad esempio il riconoscimento di immagini. Egli afferma: &quot;Nel momento in cui l&#39;umanit&agrave; entra online, diventa un&#39;estrema unit&agrave; di elaborazione, avanzata e su larga scala.&quot;</p>
<p>La storia umana &egrave; costellata di connessioni tra umani e strumenti tecnologici, e l&#39;utilizzo degli strumenti &egrave; stato un salto fondamentale nello sviluppo umano come estensione delle nostre possibilit&agrave;, ma ora siamo di fronte a qualcosa di diverso.</p>
<p>Con Mechanical Turk e progetti simili, prima si trasformano tutte le attivit&agrave; umane in digitale, anche quelle che richiedono immaginazione, intuizione e visione che vanno oltre le capacit&agrave; del computer. Quindi si utilizzano le risorse del cervello umano per decodificare ci&ograve; che la macchina non sa fare bene, in una moderna catena di montaggio dove invece della ripetizione fisica e manuale vi &egrave; la ripetizione di una banale attivit&agrave; mentale, quale il riconoscimento di una immagine e la sua classificazione oppure la trascrizione di un testo parlato.</p>
<p>Poich&egrave; tutta l&#39;attivit&agrave; umana viene tradotta in digitale, necessitiamo di rifornire al computer la potenza umana degli esseri umani, pi&ugrave; estesa e omnicomprensiva, per far s&igrave; che lo strumento stesso possa estendere le sue possibilit&agrave;, non pi&ugrave; tanto solo come estensione delle capacit&agrave; umane. Si pu&ograve; affermare che alla fine chi si avvantaggia di questa connessione tra umani e computer sono gli umani e sono ancora questi che decidono cosa elaborare. E&#39; vero da una parte, ma la tendenza &egrave; quella di digitalizzare anche ci&ograve; che non &egrave; elaborabile da un computer, nonostante richieda un massiccio intervento umano. A questo riguardo gli esseri umani diventano sempre pi&ugrave; servomeccanismi della tecnologia.</p>
<p>Dalla tecnologia ci aspettiamo la guida e la grazia, la soluzione ai problemi. Ha sostituito guru, passioni, ideologie, in alcuni casi anche connessioni di tipo sentimentale. Nel nostro rapporto con la tecnologia ci abbandoniamo, ci lasciamo guidare e non mettiamo in dubbio l&#39;importanza del suo sviluppo. Possiamo prendercela con i costruttori di tecnologie scadenti, ma non contestiamo la necessit&agrave; dello sviluppo tecnologico stesso.</p>
<p>Tuttavia nell&#39;affidarci alle tecnologie non abbandoniamo l&#39;ego per incontrare parti pi&ugrave; profonde di noi stessi. Al contrario, da una parte, interagendo con lo strumento tecnologico come oggetto di relazione privilegiato, c&#39;&egrave; il tentativo di costruire l&#39;ego stesso e dall&#39;altra, lasciandoci guidare da strumenti che sono meno evoluti della nostra mente, regrediamo ad uno stato precedente il consolidamento di un ego che guide le scelte della nostra esistenza. Pur essendo la direzione conferita dall&#39;ego un&#39;illusione basata sui condizionamenti ricevuti, lo sviluppo di una personalit&agrave; definita &egrave; una fase necessaria allo sviluppo pi&ugrave; generale dell&#39;anima.</p>
<p>La dedizione alle tecnologie allora diventa uno spostamento del bisogno di trascendenza su un piano pi&ugrave; rassicurante per l&#39;ego. In questa interazione con la tecnologia la mente non viene trascesa, piuttosto entra in un ciclo compulsivo di auto-sostentamento dove vengono usate solamente alcune parti della mente, quelle necessarie all&rsquo;interazione con lo strumento. Vengono di conseguenza impoverite le capacit&agrave; della mente che sono di ausilio all&rsquo;osservazione e alla trascendenza della mente stessa, tra le quali la riflessione profonda, il silenzio interiore, l&rsquo;attenzione sostenuta e focalizzata, il sentire il corpo.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.indranet.org/zen-archery-and-computers/">  </a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Vedi anche:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.indranet.org/the-heart-of-the-binary-code/">  </a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/biotech-as-an-information-system/">Le biotecnologie come sistema informativo</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/virtual-worlds-mirror-worlds-second-life-backing-up-the-messed-planet/">Mondi virtuali, mondi specchio, Second Life: fare il backup di un pianeta nel caos</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.indranet.org/the-heart-of-the-binary-code/">Il tiro con l&#39;arco Zen e i computer</a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.indranet.org/lifelogging/"><span>Il cuore del codice binario</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.indranet.org/lifelogging/"><span>Lifelogging</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.indranet.org/lifelogging/"></a><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/downloading-our-life-on-internet/">Download della vita su Internet</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/downloading-our-life-on-internet/"></a></span><a href="http://www.indranet.org/google-privacy-and-the-need-to-be-seen/">Google, la privacy e il mettersi in mostra</a></p>
<p> <a href="http://www.indranet.org/zen-archery-and-computers/"></a>[/it]</p>
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		<title>Welcome writer&#8217;s block</title>
		<link>http://www.indranet.org/welcome-writers-block/</link>
		<comments>http://www.indranet.org/welcome-writers-block/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Jun 2007 20:51:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ivo Quartiroli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Spirituality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[almaas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[archetype]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[astrology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bloggers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[brain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[creativity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[eureka]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Joseph-Chilton-Pearce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laski]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neurophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writers-block]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Many writers and probably many bloggers are faced with the typical writer's block. While this block doesn't affect many writers that operate in a productivity setting, it does afflict writers who need the spark of creativity to express something bright and new.
True creative expression goes through cycles; the similarity between creativity and procreativity is not just linguistic. Both follow cycles and peaks like the female reproductive cycle.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/writer.jpg" title="Writer"><img src="http://www.indranet.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/writer.thumbnail.jpg" title="Writer" alt="Writer" align="left" hspace="12" /></a>[en]</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Many writers and probably many bloggers are faced with the typical writer&#8217;s block. While this block doesn&#8217;t affect many writers that operate in a productivity setting, it does afflict writers who need the spark of creativity to express something bright and new.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">True creative expression goes through cycles; the similarity between creativity and procreativity is not just linguistic. Both follow cycles and peaks like the female reproductive cycle.<br />
[/en][it]</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Parecchi scrittori e probabilmente diversi blogger affrontano il tipico blocco dello scrittore. Mentre questo blocco colpisce pochi scrittori che operano in un ambiente produttivo, tipicamente coinvolge invece coloro che necessitano di un lampo creativo per esprimere qualcosa di fresco e innovativo.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">L&#8217;autentica espressione creativa passa attraverso dei cicli; le somiglianze tra la creatività e la procreatività non sono solo linguistiche. Entrambe seguono cicli e vette come il ciclo riproduttivo femminile.[/it]<span id="more-19"></span> [en]</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">In the astrological tradition, both the creative and sexual expressions are at home in the fifth house, telling us that symbolically the creative forces in the universe derive from the same archetype. People who have high libidos often have some kind of artistic or creative quality as well.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">The latin word oestrus was used to mean frenzy, driven by desire, mad impulse. There&#8217;s a compulsive quality in this, a drive to act, just as compulsive as sex can be, being the most (pro)creative energy in the world.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">The process of creative revelation and the eureka effect has been documented by neurophysiological researches. Joseph Chilton Pearce in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">The Biology of Transcendence</a> <span> </span>(Inner Traditions International. Rochester. 2002), referring to Margharita Laski’s work on <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0874775744/innernet-20" target="_blank">Ecstasy</a>, illustrates the six stages of the discovery process: 1. Asking the question. 2. Looking for the answer. 3. Hitting the plateau period.<span>  </span>4. Giving up the search for a solution. 5. The answer comes as the eureka effect. 6. Translating the discovery in a way that can be understood and shared by others.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">This six stage process involves different parts of the brain. Both brain hemispheres are involved, as well as the emotional-limbic brain, which is itself the connection to the heart. Without the passion of the heart, the creative discovery seems difficult to reach. It reminds me of a <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/093671302X/innernet-20" target="_blank">book by Almaas</a> saying that &#8220;Love of truth for its own sake is actually the expression of essential heart.&#8221;</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">What is usually not accepted in our hyper-productive culture that fears silence and the void is that fourth stage of giving up the search for a solution. Even though everybody has the experience of finding a solution or an insight when the mind wasn&#8217;t actively searching for it, the general attitude is to push for a solution, not accepting that empty stage. Quoting <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">Joseph Chilton Pearce</a>, &#8220;The corpus callosum can complete the circuitry only when the left hemisphere is inactive, when the analytical and critical processes of mind are suspended.&#8221; Without knowing anything about neurophysiology, most of the spiritual teachers say that there is a stage of giving up the search and that the condition of not-knowing is necessary for any true insight on ourselves. So the eureka effect path seems to apply both to personal insights and to scientific or artistic works. Given this vision, the writer&#8217;s block is not just natural, is even needed for every important creative outcome.<br />
[/en][it]</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">La parola latina oestrus veniva usata per significare frenesia, essere guidati dal desiderio, impulso folle. C&#8217;è una qualità compulsiva in ciò, una spinta all&#8217;azione, quanto può essere compulsiva la sessualità, come l&#8217;energia più fortemente (pro)creativa.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Il processo della rivelazione creativa e l&#8217;effetto eureka sono stati documentati dalle ricerche neurofisiologiche. <span lang="EN-US">Joseph Chilton Pearce in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">The Biology of Transcendence</a> (Inner Traditions International. </span><span>Rochester. 2002), riferendosi al lavoro di Margharita Laski dal titolo <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0874775744/innernet-20" target="_blank">Ecstasy</a>, illustra le sei fasi del processo di scoperta: 1. Formulare la domanda. 2. Cercare una risposta. 3. Raggiungere la fase di altopiano 4. Rinunciare alla ricerca di una soluzione. 5. La risposta arriva nella forma dell&#8217;effetto eureka. 6. Tradurre la scoperta in un modo che può essere compreso e condiviso dagli altri.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span>Questo processo in sei fasi coinvolge diverse parti del cervello. Sono coinvolti entrambi gli emisferi del cervello, così come il cervello limbico-emozionale, che rappresenta la connessione col cuore. Senza la passione del cuore, la scoperta creativa semba difficile da raggiungere. Mi ricorda la frase di un <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/093671302X/innernet-20" target="_blank">libro di Almaas</a> dove dice &#8220;L&#8217;amore della verità fine a se stessa è in realtà l&#8217;espressione dell&#8217;essenza del cuore&#8221;. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Ciò che solitamente non viene accettato nella nostra cultura iperproduttiva che teme il silenzio e il vuoto è la quarta fase, quella della rinuncia alla ricerca di una soluzione. Nonostante tutti quanti abbiamo avuto l&#8217;esperienza del trovare una soluzione o del raggiungere una comprensione intuitiva quando la mente non era attiva nella ricerca, l&#8217;atteggiamento generale è quello di spingere per una soluzione, senza accettare la fase del vuoto. Citando <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892819901/innernet-20" target="_blank">Joseph Chilton Pearce</a>, <span> </span>&#8220;Il corpo calloso può chiudere il circuito solo quando l&#8217;emisfero sinistro non è attivo, quando i processi analitici e critici della mente vengono sospesi&#8221;. Senza aver alcuna conoscenza della neurofisiologia, la maggior parte dei mistici e degli insegnanti spirituali afferma che vi è una fase in cui bisogna lasciare la ricerca e che la condizione del non-sapere è necessaria per una autentica comprensione di noi stessi. Quindi il percorso che porta all&#8217;effetto eureka pare si possa applicare sia alle comprensioni interiori che ai settori scientifici e artistici. Sulla base di questa visione, il blocco dello scrittore non è solo naturale, è addirittura necessario per ogni sviluppo creativo importante.</p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">[/it]</p>
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